Auction 51 Part 2 Deposit and book the collapse of " the Ark"
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Aug 2, 2020
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LOT 1240:

Complete works of Russian authors. The Writings Of Chemnitzer.

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tags: Books

Complete works of Russian authors. The Writings Of Chemnitzer.
Second edition by Alexander Smirdin. 

SPb. In the printing house of Yakov Trey. 1852, p. 174 Hardcover, size 11.5 x 18 cm. Good condition. Seals, pencil inscriptions on some pages, notes in the text, the spine with slight losses. P



Ivan Ivanovich Chemnitzer (January 5 [16], 1745, Enotaevskaya fortress, Astrakhan province — March 19 [30], 1784, Burnav, near Smyrna) — Russian poet and translator, diplomat; teacher of the St. Petersburg Mining school. Member Of The Russian Academy Of Sciences (1784). Consul General in Smyrna (1782-1784).

The most significant Russian fabulist before Ivan Krylov. The collection of his fables was reprinted several dozen times at the end of the XVIII — first half of the XIX century.

He was born on January 5 [16], 1745 in the Enotaevsky fortress of the Astrakhan province (later-the city of Enotaevsk, now-the village of enotaevka of the Astrakhan region) in the family of Johann Adam Chemnitzer (d. 1789), a native of the Saxon city of Freiberg. At the time of his son's birth, Johann Chemnitzer was a military staff doctor, and later served as an inspector of the St. Petersburg land hospital.

Ivan Chemnitzer was taught to read and write by his parents, and at a very early age — right after he began to speak. He studied arithmetic, Latin and German with his father. At the age of six, he began studying syntax at the school of pastor Neibauer in Astrakhan, and studied Russian, arithmetic and geometry, taking private lessons. From an early age, he was distinguished by talent and great perseverance. Since 1755, he lived with his mother in St. Petersburg, studied with a school teacher; in 1756, when his father moved to the capital, Ivan Chemnitzer began to live as a boarder and take lessons from a Latin teacher at a medical school.

His father planned that his son would become a medic, but Ivan Chemnitzer, against his father's will, on June 27 [July 8] 1757, at the age of 12, enlisted as a soldier in the Noteburg infantry regiment. Participated in the seven Years ' war, and in 1759 in Konigsberg, occupied at that time by Russian troops (as well as most of East Prussia), there was a meeting with his father (the first since he left for the army), who continued his service here as a staff doctor. Soon after the infantry regiment returned to Russia, Ivan Chemnitzer joined the Koporsky infantry regiment. As it is said about Chemnitzer's service in the army in the " Russian biographical dictionary "(1901), he"earned the favor of his superiors by his meek character and began to rise". On 12 [23] may 1762, he was appointed adjutant to major-General count Fyodor Andreevich Osterman, on 1 [12] January 1766, he was promoted to Lieutenant, and in 1769, he served as a courier to the commander-in-chief of the army, General anshef Prince Alexander Mikhailovich Golitsyn.

After retiring, Chemnitzer has joined the mining Department (Berg-Collegium) in the rank of gettemperature. Apparently, Chemnitzer's best friend, the architect and poet Nikolai Alexandrovich Lvov, who was related to Mikhail Fyodorovich Soymonov, the Director of the Mining school, the first higher educational institution in the Russian Empire with a mining profile (now Saint Petersburg mining University), contributed to obtaining this place. Chemnitzer was a member of the scientific Assembly of the Mining school, and was engaged in translating works on mining, which initiated the development of special Russian terminology in this field. He did some translations together with his friend and colleague, Alexander Matveevich Karamyshev, a teacher of chemistry and metallurgy.

Chemnitzer was one of the first teachers of the Mining school from the very beginning of its Foundation in 1774 (there are documents according to which it was Chemnitzer who purchased the first 70 books for the School's library in may of that year). He taught classes in French and German (after his departure, these classes passed to the naturalist and translator Fyodor Petrovich Moiseyenkov).

In 1782, he was appointed Consul General in Smyrna (modern name — Izmir). He died in Smyrna on 20 [31] March 1784 (according to other sources-19 [30] March 1784).

His fables (both translations of La Fontaine and Gellert, and the original ones) were very popular with contemporaries in the early nineteenth century. It is considered the most significant Russian fabulist before Krylov, whose work had a certain influence. Among his best fables are "the Metaphysician, "" the tree, "and" the Rich and the poor."

Before 1855, the fables of I. I. Chemnitzer were published thirty-six times-a record among writers of the XVIII century and eloquent evidence of his popularity. V. G. Belinsky, comparing the work of Chemnitzer with Vasily Kapnist and Ippolit Bogdanovich, wrote: "Chemnitzer more important than the other two in the history of Russian literature: he is the first Russian fabulist (because parables of Alexander Sumarokov is hardly worth mentioning), and among his fables there are some truly beautiful language, and verse, and at the naive cuteness".

Chemnitzer's fables are distinguished by the absence of direct moralisms addressed to the reader, which are typical of other fabulists; the moral in His works, as a rule, follows from the action itself. The works of this author were invariably included in children's almanacs and anthologies.

The circumstances of the poet's death and the place of his burial are not fully clarified. The most common opinion is that the original burial place of the poet is Smyrna, but there are different opinions about the fate of the remains. Since Chemnitzer was a Christian (Lutheran), his remains were most likely transported from Muslim Smyrna and reburied, possibly in the city of Mykolaiv, Novorossiysk province (now the center of the Mykolaiv region of Ukraine). This hypothesis is confirmed by the image of the column-tombstone on the title page of the posthumous edition of the works of Chemnitzer (1799) with an inscription, from which it follows that this tombstone was installed in Nikolaev. Since Chemnitzer was a Lutheran, the place of his burial was most likely the site of the Nicholas necropolis, which is adjacent to the all — Holy Church — it was there that Lutherans were buried in the late XVIII-early XIX century. Some researchers believe that Chemnitzer is not only buried in Nikolaev, but also died here, being passing from Smyrna.

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